Annotated Bib & Review of the Literature

1. Beinart, Peter. "Duty free." The New Republic 225.25 (2001): 6. OmniFile Full Text Mega. Web. 20 Apr. 2010.
This article was not as helpful as the other ones in specifics, but gave me a broader understanding of the material I was researching. It helped me learn about the historical controversies of security vs. civil liberties, from the Clinton to the Bush Administration. Lastly, it was beneficial in learning about the rights of immigrants, who were not yet citizens and how the government was able to treat them because of that.
2. Beutel, Alejandrao J.. "Are We Safe?." Islamic Horizons 37.1 (2008): 30-3. OmniFile Full Text Mega. Web. 20 Apr. 2010.
In the Article, “Are We Safe,” Beutel, discusses the controversies between national security and civil liberties. This article was very helpful in learning about the racial profiling of suspected Terrorists. It was especially a good source because it was not biased considering it looked at both sides of the issue very skeptically. Not only did I learn about the unethical approach of racial profiling, but also the harm it does to the government in looking for one group of people as suspected terrorists.

3. Harris, Hamil, and Alan Hughes. "The price of privacy." Black Enterprise 32.6 (2002): 23. OmniFile Full Text Mega. Web. 20 Apr. 2010.

“The Price of Privacy” was a good source to get background information on racial profiling since the September 11th attacks. Harris talked about the Anti - terrorist Bill that Bush passed, which inevitably led to more racial profiling. The article not only talked about the causes of racial profiling, but also the unconstitutional actions of the government from having a prejudice.

4. Kleiner, Yevgenia S.. "Racial Profiling in the Name of National Security: Protecting Minority Travelers' Civil Liberties in the Age of Terrorism." Boston College Third World Law Journal 30.1 (2010): 103-44. OmniFile Full Text Mega. Web. 20 Apr. 2010.
Kleiner writes about the issues of racial profiling and how it affects society today. As my best resource, the article does an excellent job of going into depth of unconstitutional issues surrounding racial profiling and how it enforces prejudice as social norms in the United States. It also gives good examples of innocent American citizens who have been racial profiled and how they found the experience degrading to be treated as second class citizens.

5. Weeden, Darnell. "Racial Profiling and the Implications of Jena Six in Undermining the Civil Rights of Blacks in America." Southern University Law Review 36.2 (2009): 239-61. OmniFile Full Text Mega. Web. 20 Apr. 2010.



Review of the Literature

Stereotyping has been around since the founding of the United States. Therefore, it’s not hard to believe that racial profiling has been a prominent issue for society; from slavery to the current issue of unconstitutional prejudices and discrimination against certain minorities due to specific terrorist organizations. Some minorities have tried to get past these stereotypes for their whole lives. The problem is the government has helped to create these prejudices, which makes citizens follow them, causing the stereotypes to become a social norm.
In Corey Doctorow’s book, “Little Brother” there is a theme of racial profiling. Jolu, the main character Marcus’s friend, brings up the issue of racial prejudice. He decides to stop helping Marcus with X-net because he knows that he has more to risk that Marcus, since he isn’t white. Doctorow develops the character of Marcus, who starts out a little ignorant to the world around him, but becomes more aware of the inequalities that society faces. Marcus does not like being in a group of people, young rebellious teens, who are being profiled. From his time being held captive at Treasure Island to his efforts of trying to defeat Homeland Security he learns that society is not fair and everyone deserves their constitutional rights of civil liberties.
Racial profiling has increased since the September 11th attacks (5). Since the controversial debate between civil liberties and national security, the government has passed bill and laws that limits citizen’s freedom (4). Now one main group is targeted as suspected terrorists because of Al Queda. Muslims or people of Middle Eastern descent who look Muslim tend to be branded as a criminal due to their ethnicity and religion (1). Not only does this reinforce harmful stereotypes, but also creates ethnocentrism as a social norm. Racial profiling as well as stopping people based on thdir appearance is constitutionally offensive (3). In addition to the unethical aspects of racial profiling, it also harms national security. Now many terrorists will seek inconspicuous white people because of the current racial profiling of certain ethnicities. In doing so, terrorists are able to take the government’s eyes away from other threats (5). Now society needs to create race blind security system in order to stop racial profiling (1).